The Power of Authority essays

The Power of Authority essays Authority is a power that has been shown through many different ways in history and in present day. In the play The Crucible Arthur Miller shows how the power of authority was shown in Salem, Massachusetts in the late 1600s. Throughout The Crucible Arthur Miller illustrates authority through the authority of the court in Salem, the authority of the Puritans church or religion, and how authority was shown through Judge Danforth. Another way that the power of authority can be shown throughout the play is through the power of the court that ruled and decided who to be convicted as a witch. The people of Salem in the play had a prodigious fear of the court in [there] country. (Hale pg.98) The fact that they had a fear of the court showed that it had authority because of the fact that the people were all afraid of the courts power. During the play the court charged and jailed many citizens on the acquisitions of being witches or being associated with the devil. When the many people were jailed there were many orphans wondering from house to house; abandoned cattle [bellowing] on the highroads; and the stink of rotting crops [hung] everywhere. (Hale pg.130) This economic breakdown of the city of Salem shows how the court had authority because it shows how the power of a small assembly of court officials can turn a city into a economic disaster all because of a court order. The court in Salem showed many people too many frightful proofs in court (Hale pg.71) which lead to the peoples believe that the their lives [rested] upon the justice of the court. (Hale pg.71) This also proved the courts authority because it allowed the people to see that the court had the power to give death warrants based on a small amount of proof. The court of Salem, in The Crucible, was one of the leaders of authority throughout the play. ...

Culture Jamming - Definition and Examples

Culture Jamming s Culture jamming is the practice of disrupting the mundane nature of everyday life and the status quo with surprising, often comical or satirical acts or artworks. The practice was popularized by the anti-consumerist organization Adbusters, which often uses it to force those who encounter their work to question the presence and influence of advertising and consumerism in our lives. In particular, culture jamming often asks us to reflect on the pace and volume at which we consume and the unquestioned role that the consumption of goods plays in our lives, despite the many human and environmental costs of global mass production. Key Takeaways: Culture Jamming Culture jamming refers to the creation of images or practices that force viewers to question the status quo.Culture jamming disrupts social norms and is often used as a tool for social change. Activists have used culture jamming to raise awareness of issues including sweatshop labor, sexual assault on college campuses, and police brutality. The Critical Theory Behind Culture Jamming Culture jamming often involves the use of a meme that revises or plays off of a commonly recognized symbol of a corporate brand (such as Coca-Cola, McDonalds, Nike, and Apple, to name just a few). The meme is typically designed to call into question the brand image and values attached to the corporate logo, to question the consumer relationship to the brand, and to illuminate harmful actions on the part of the corporation. For example, when Apple launched the iPhone 6 in 2014, the Hong Kong-based Students and Scholars Against Corporate Misbehavior (SACOM) staged a protest at a Hong Kong Apple Store where they unfurled a large banner that featured the image of the new device sandwiched between the words, iSlave. Harsher than harsher. Still made in sweatshops. The practice of culture jamming is inspired by the critical theory of the Frankfurt School, which focused on the power of mass media and advertising to shape and direct our norms, values, expectations, and behavior  through unconscious and subconscious tactics. By subverting the image and values attached to a corporate brand, the memes deployed in culture jamming aim to produce feelings of shock, shame, fear, and ultimately anger in the viewer, because it is these emotions that lead to social change and political action. Sometimes, culture jamming uses a meme or a public performance to critique the norms and practices of social institutions or to question political assumptions that lead to inequality or injustice. The artist Banksy is a notable example of this type of culture jamming. Here, well examine some recent cases that do the same. Emma Sulkowicz and Rape Culture Emma Sulkowicz launched her performance piece and senior thesis project Mattress Performance: Carry That Weight at Columbia University in New York City  in September  2014, as a way to draw critical attention to the universitys mishandling of disciplinary proceedings for her alleged rapist, and its mishandling of sexual assault cases in general. Speaking about her performance and her experience of rape, Emma told the Columbia Spectator that the piece is designed to take her private experience of rape and shame in the aftermath of her attack into the public sphere and  to physically evoke the psychological weight she has carried since the alleged attack.  Emma vowed to carry the weight in public until her alleged rapist was expelled or left campus. This never happened, so Emma and supporters of the cause carried her mattress throughout her graduation ceremony. Emmas daily performance not only brought  her alleged assault  into the public sphere, it also jammed the notion  that sexual assault and its consequences are private matters, and illuminated the reality that they are often  hidden from view by the shame and fear that survivors experience. Refusing to suffer in silence and in private, Emma made  her fellow students, faculty, administrators, and staff at Columbia face the reality of sexual assault on college campuses by making the matter visible with her performance. In sociological terms, Emmas performance served to vanish the taboo on acknowledging and discussing the widespread problem of sexual violence by disrupting the social norms of daily campus behavior. She brought rape culture into sharp focus on Columbias campus, and in society in general. Emma received a heap of media coverage for her culture jamming performance piece, and fellow students and alumni of Columbia joined her in carrying the weight on a daily basis. Of the social and political power of her work and the widespread media attention it received, Ben Davis of ArtNet, the leader in global news about the art world, wrote, I can hardly think of an artwork in recent memory that justifies the belief that art can still help  lead a conversation  in quite the way  Mattress Performance  already has. Black Lives Matter and Justice for Michael Brown At the same time that Emma was carrying that weight around Columbias campus, halfway across the country in St. Louis, Missouri, protesters creatively demanded  justice for 18-year-old Michael Brown, an unarmed Black man  who was killed by a Ferguson, MO police officer Darren Wilson on August 9, 2014. Wilson had at that point yet to be charged with a crime, and since the killing occurred, Ferguson, a predominantly Black city  with a predominantly white police force and a history of police harassment and brutality,  had been raked by daily and nightly protests. Just as intermission concluded during a performance of  Requiem  by Johannes Brahms by the St. Louis Symphony on October 4, a racially diverse group of singers stood from their seats, one by one, singing the classic Civil Rights anthem, Which Side Are You On? In a beautiful and haunting performance, protesters addressed the predominantly white audience with the songs titular question, and implored, Justice for Mike Brown is justice for us all. In a recorded video of the event, some audience members look on disapprovingly while many clapped for the singers. Protesters dropped banners  from the balcony commemorating Michael Browns life  during the performance  and chanted Black lives matter! as they peacefully exited the symphony hall at the conclusion of the song. The surprising, creative, and beautiful nature of this culture jamming protest made it particularly effective. The protesters capitalized on the presence of a quiet and attentive audience to disrupt the norm of audience  silence and stillness  and instead made  the audience the site of a politically engaged performance. When social norms are disrupted in spaces in which they are usually strictly obeyed, we tend to quickly take notice and focus on the disruption, which makes this form of culture jamming successful. Further, this performance disrupts the privileged comfort that members of a symphony audience enjoy, given that they are primarily white and wealthy, or at least middle class. The performance was an effective way of reminding people who are not burdened by racism that the community in which they live is currently under assault by it in physical, institutional, and ideological ways  and that, as members of that community, they have a responsibility to fight those for ces. Both of these performances, by Emma Sulkowicz and the St. Louis protesters, are examples of culture jamming at its best. They surprise those who bear witness to them with their disruption of social norms, and in doing so, call those very norms, and the validity of the institutions that organize them  into question. Each offers a timely and deeply important  commentary on troubling social problems  and forces us to confront that which is more conveniently swept aside. This matters because viscerally confronting the social problems of our day is an important step in the direction of meaningful social change.

Current Rules To The Deciding Taxation Of International Companies Essay

Current Rules To The Deciding Taxation Of International Companies - Essay Example In addition, the same rules also defer or exempt the active income of businesses. Consequently, there has been a loss in force with regard to a distinction between those nations with a global tax jurisdiction, and those whose taxation system is territory-oriented (Avi-Yonah 2007). A network of bilateral tax treaty holds claims about the existence of international tax. The treaty borrows heavily from the U.N. model, as well as that of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). For a majority of the countries, these treaties enjoy an elevated status relative to the domestic laws. As such, the domestic tax jurisdiction is often constrained. This implies that where international tax matters are concerned, national are usually bound by such treaties to act in specific ways. For example, a country could be constrained from not taxing a foreign trader who does not have a permanent residency. A majority of the countries today tax their residents in line with their tax legislation, and as they would be taxed had they been in their resident country, the sources of the taxable income not withstanding. Similarly, non-residents of a country are usually taxed on that portion of the income that the government of the country feels that it is a source of the country (Gowthorpe et al 1998). The two practices are commonly integrated internationally, but the problem usually arises when a resident of a country has his/her worldwide income taxed, including that part of the income which could be a source from another country. As a result, a case of double taxation usually results. With regard to the international law, a case of judicial double taxation is often not deemed illegal. Nevertheless, such a practice usually poses a danger as it negatively affects the movements of persons, goods, and capital among the different countries (Terra & Wattel 2005).In a bid to try and avoid such a scenario from occurring, a majority of the countries have thus far entered into double taxation bilateral agreements. This move is aimed at helping in the clarification of those contracting countries that legally have a right to double taxation. This means that the other countries will then have to waive their income taxation rights. Double taxation agreements, UN and the OECD model conventions on taxation The preparations of bilateral agreements usually employ the UN and OECD models of taxation. The OECD model has a focus towards the developed countries, while the UN model hopes to have an impact on the developing countries. The two model conventions have a lot of similarities, with the only variation being in terms of how the models adapt to the various economic environments (OECD 2001). Nevertheless, the UN model has not had a significant impact on a majority of the international tax treaties. At the same time, none of the two models forms any part of the international customary law. This is because the two models fail to meet opinion rules, and as such, they cannot be accepted internationally. However, the two models still have a profound interpretive influence in times of taxing rights conflicts, as per the conferment of the double taxation agreements (Avi-Yonah 2007). Perhaps article 17 of taxation convention model of the OECD would

The Destiny of the Unevangelized Debate Research Paper

The Destiny of the Unevangelized Debate - Research Paper Example The view that one will adopt on whether divine election is conditional or unconditional will determine in a big way the position that one will take on the destiny of the unevangelized debate. In the Christian tradition, we have two schools of thought on divine predestination: the Calvinism and the Arminianism 2. The proponents of Calvinism are of the view that divine predestination is unconditional, while the proponents of Arminianism hold the contrary view that divine election is conditional. On this basis, we can broadly view the debate on the fate of the unevangelized as the debate between the Calvinists and the Arminianists. This paper evaluates the debate on the destiny of the unevangelized and analysis the philosophical arguments used to support the various positions on this debate. Also, the paper evaluates the biblical verses used to support the arguments, and at the end of the paper, a clear position is taken based on the critical analysis of the issues raised in this paper. The paper begins with an analysis of the four views expressed by Boyd and Eddy on the debate about the destiny of the unevangelized 3. The following are the four views on the fate of the unevangelized that are discussed by Boyd and Eddy in their book, Across the Spectrum. ... This position has been the predominant view among many Church theologians including, the great Catholic theologian St. Augustine of Hippo, and John Calvin, the reformist theologian4. There are a number of people in the modern world who still hold this view. The proponents of this position argue that some biblical verses like, John, 3: 36, and 1 John, 5: 12 support the restrictivist view. A literal translation of these two verses shows that Jesus Christ is, indeed, the only way to God and that the knowledge of Jesus Christ is a requirement for salvation. Also, in the book Through no Fault, Darrel L. Bock cites Acts, 10: 12-43, to support his Restrictivist view and he argues that unless the non-believers are evangelized, believe in God, and repent their sins, then they shall all be damned 5. Darrel argues that the ignorance of the Gospel of Jesus Christ will lead to damnation because unless one has knowledge of Jesus Christ, one will not be able to dedicate their lives to God and to re pent their sins. He cited Acts, 17: 30-31, to support his claim. A critical look at the restrictivist view of the destiny of the unevangelized raises one pertinent question: How can a loving and just God condemn to eternal perdition those who, through no fault of their own, did not hear about the Gospel?6 Can a just God punish one for a mistake over which they had no control? Although there are a number of biblical verses that seem to support the restrictivist view on the destiny of the unevangelized, the proponents of the restrictivist view would be hard pressed to answer these two questions. Universal Opportunity This view on the destiny of the unevangelized hold that, ultimately, all Gods people will be saved, whether they are Christians or not; Universalists are

Missouri Compromise 1820 Essay Example for Free

Missouri Compromise 1820 Essay Northerners finally were receiving the outcome that they had wished for with slavery slowly declining at the end of the 18th century. Southern economilcal dependancy on slavery was slowly withering away due to the Act of 1808, stating that by that time slavery would not be allowed. Due to this Southerners were forced to change their means of production and the use of slaves. When the 19th century arrived it brought the invention of the Cotton Gin. This invention, created by Eli Whitney, assisted in speeding the picking of cotton by removing the seed. The only flaw in this was that it relied on even more unskilled labor. Slaves were found perfect for the handlying of this machine: it was easy to manufactor and as easy to work.. From this, Southerners found it now more than ever nessesary to hault the abolition of slavery do to the economic prosperity that lied ahead because of the Cotton Gin. In Southern eyes, slavery was a better choice than free labor. IN the case of using free labor Southerners couldnt be totally dependent on the person because they might demand things such as higher wages. If free laborors were refused what they asked, Southerners faced the risk of them stop working. Because you owned a slave Southerners would never have to worry about such a situation. This threat of prolonging slavery enabled the major conflict between The North and South arise. The Southern view of this conflict was that due to the economical advantages that slavery rbought and the economical disadvantages that an abolition with bring to the states, that the issue of slavery should be considered a nessasary evil. Not only this, but some even believed that slavery was doing blacks a favor. They believed that even in Africa balcks had owners, that they are always fed, and are treated better as slaves then they would be as free blacks. Northerners disreguarded any attempt in justifying such a matter and stood by there point that slavery was not right. Northern abolishnists fought back and said that slavery went again the fundamental priciple on which America was built on; Equality and freeddon. Not only immoral and sinful but went again the Declaration of Independece which clearly states that all men were created equal with no exceptions. The Norths morality and Souths Economic self-interest, and both sides refusal to compromise left the issue in a stalemate. By the North fueling the fire with such articles like The Liberator, inspiring slaves to revolt, and other abolitionist moves, the North forced the south to fight back in order to protect themselved from future revolts and incidence fueled by enraged slaves. The Missouri Compromise made the divide between the North and the South more evident that it had ever been. This compromised, proposed by Henry Clay, declared that Missouri would enter the union as a slave state, but every other state that was North of the Ohio river and Mason-Dixon line. Though this did stop slavery it gradually decreased it. In additon to this another factor was the that all states would be admitted into the union in pairs in order to balance the slave states as well as the free states. Still enraged, Northerners demanded the instant abolishment owed to the moral breach that slavery incompassed. They believed that slaves were being treated and stripped of there rights as a humane being. In American Slavery As It Is the author, Theodore Weld, describes his view on how it really is for the slaves of the south and the treatment they are force to endure by their slaveowners. That their ears are often cut off, their eyes knocked out, their bones broken, their flesh branded with red-hot irons; that they are maimed, mutilated and burned to death over slow firesthat self interest would prompt them to treat their slaved with kindness By writing such things, Weld just encouraged abolitionists to fight harder and harder for their cause. Such cases as the ones he mention cant be said never happened but are surely rare if so. Due to the tone in writng that is used though, wel makes his words harsh and strong which justly, the Southerners take their place to fight back at. In actuality most southerners were not as Weld describe because they realized that the better you treated a slave and healthier it was the more work that it could accomplish for you. Not only this, but due to the harsh rigid tone of his words, Weld, gives whoever is reading this no option towards working out some sort of compromise between North and South but instead just relies on getting thing s done. Abolitionist works, such as The Liberato,r aided in aggravating the South. William Loyd Garrisons The Liberator, was printed as a Boston proabolitionist newspaper in which Garrison referrs to Southerners to being sinners and that slaves should do anything to get out of the miserable situation that they are in, even if that means blacks revolting against their. He as well brings up the issue of blacks being equals with whites. : Assenting to the self-evident truth, and endowed by their Creator with certain enalienable rights-among which are life, liberty, and persuit of happiness. Garrison, here, clearly explicates how by having slaves not be free we are going against everything that the declaration stands for and represents. Some say that Garrisons The Liberator might have even sparked the rebellion led by Nat Turner in which Turner gathers up a group of slaves and killed over fifty white southerners. Southerners were so fearful of more rebellion that it led them to create even harsher rules for slaves. In Federick Douglass Independence Day Speech at Rochester Douglass writes of how white southerners are fearful of blacks and that is the reason why there are such harsh laws against them reading and writing. What is this but the awknowledgment that the slave is amoral, itellectual, and responsible being? Douglasss Articular only further depicts that Southerners were in fear or the capability that blacks would have if they were learned. By keeping slaves ignorant they prevented slaves from reading such abolitionist articles which could fuel an angry mob. Due to a fear of angry mobs and revolts Southerners were foreced to lay stricter rules as Civil Codes and the restriction on abolitionist literature. In Thomas Dews Review of the Debate in the Virginia Legislature Dew discusses how the white race and black race could never coencide because if blacks were free there would just be an array of massacres led by angry blacks. Southerners Spent more time on the issue of protecting themselved from a threat of slave rebellions due to abolitionsit literature sparking rebellions than any other matter. In George Fitzhughs Slavery Justified he discusses further on the matter of slave rebellions and how if black werent slaves their anger would just lead to more crimes and violent incidencs. In the matter of slave abuse he stats that its ridiculous; His feeling for his slave never permits him to stint him in old age. The slaves are all well fed, well clas, have plenty of fuel, and are happy. In response to the accusation of slave owners abusing their slaves, other Southerners replied by saying that incidents such as the ones which Weld discusses are isolated and uncommon. In fact it most cases it is the opposite of circumstances. In Solon Robinsons De Bows Review Robinson takes the opposite stance that Weld takes and says on the contrary that slave owners would never do such abuse to there slaves because they were too valuable to them. Robinson says The Two things that are most despised and hated in the South are masters that abuse and starve and ill-treat their slaves, and abolistionists, who sieze upon every isolated case of the kind As stated before, abolitionist kept on exagerateing the slave situation in order to attempt to speed up the process of getting rid of slavery when they were only furthering it because of Southerners needing to defend themselves against false accusations. Finally besides the matter of slave abuse and the morality of the situation, the South argues that due to the mass production of cotton that slaves help produce, if we abolish slavery America would be in an economic crisis. Because of the low production of cotton that there would be after an emacipation, labor woul be inconsistent, because free workers would be inconsistent and require more and we wouldnt be able to forfill our internation al demand for cotton. In William Harpers Source Problems in the United States History Harper says The cultivation of the grat crops cannot be carried on in any portion of our own country where there are no slavesAnd what would be the eefect of putting an end to the cultivationannihilating,at a blow,two thrids or three fourths of our foreign commerce? From this we can see that slavery was no easy matter and that it too more economic thinking to get rid of Slaves. Perhaps more than the North thought. Though both the South and the North make legitimate reason for their not wanting or wanting the emancipation of slaves, it seems that due to the North the process or reaching compromise was delayed unneccesarily. Instead of thinking about the economical blow emancipation would cause the North ruthlessly kept attacking the Souths morality. The South realized that without slaves for a bit longer they wouldnt be able to make a full economic recovery once emancipation was inacted. But because of the attacks and harsh literature being published by abolitionists, the South spent more time in trying to protect themselves from slaves getting ideas from these works than trying to figure out a plan to resolve the issue with the North. It seems as if the issue could have been quickend if the North hadnt made such quick and damaging attacks.

hippies :: essays research papers fc

â€Å"Old hippies don't die, they just lie low until the laughter stops and their time comes round again.†(Stolley 238) Counterculture by definition is a culture, especially of young people, with values or lifestyles in opposition to those of the established culture. Counterculture way of life in the 1960s featured the ideas of, peace, love, music, drug use, freedom of sexuality, and much more, these ideas were mostly associated with the hippies. Hippies were mostly rebellious young people who wanted a change in there life style. Hippies experimented with many new ideas for the sixties. The Hippie-movement started in San Francisco in the 1960’s. It was an alternative way of life. The Hippie-movement was an uprising, display against war, and it was spreading the message of love and peace. Many Americans disagreed with the Hippy way of life mostly because of there beliefs of free sex, drugs, their music and their clothes. The hippy-revolution stunned many people The Life of the hippies was adverse to all authoritarian higher power structures since they are adverse to the hippie goals of peace, love and freedom. This is why the "Establishment" feared and covered up the hippie movement of the '60s, as it was a rebellion against the well-known order. Hippies did no believe in the routine 8 to 5 way of life and therefore were targets of hatred by the people who live there life that way. Nearly all hippies were without a job and got by everyday with help from the public social services. Hippies tried to change the world through reason and by staying true to what they believed. The Hippies had many philosophy’s in life, one of there core philosophy was, â€Å"Loving means accepting others as they are, giving them freedom to express themselves and not judging them based on appearances.†(Stolley 240) Bibliography 1969 Woodstock.

Copper Sulphate Calibration

Method As per laboratory protocol. Rest Its and Discussion From the table and graph it shows that there is a linear relationship between concentration and absorption (Beer-Lambert Law). As the concentration increases so does the absorbency. The line of regression fits into the averages of the UP Absorbency, the RE is 0. 9538 this shows that the data is accurate as it is very close to the regression line. Taking the averages of the CIVIC Absorbency allows the data to become more accurate and reliable. Cavetti MM cuscus (ml) Distilled Water (m L)Concentration (M) XIV Absorbency (Average) Dividing the unknown solutions by y is the way to find the concentrations of the unknown solutions. Plotting the unknown solutions On the graph Can test the reliability of the results of the concentration. The results are close to the line of regression, this indicates that the values which were calculated are accurate. The results which were gathered could have been skewed from the way the cavetti was placed into the spectrophotometer.For instance, if the puttee had fingerprints on it, the wavelength would not penetrate the cavetti properly as the fingerprints may modify the way the light penetrates the solution, thus gathering an incorrect concentration reading. One way to avoid this is to clean the cavetti before placing it into the spectrophotometer, plus making sure that it is placed into the apparatus the right way. Whilst the 1 mol of Copper Sulfate was measured with the Gilson there may have been a small chance of the measurement being inaccurate, however, a Gilson is more likely to give an accurate measurement of a solution than a pipette old.When using a spectrophotometer it is essential that the apparatus is switched on and left to warm up for at least 15 minutes, if this is not executed and the experiment is done with a ‘cold' spectrophotometer the readings may be unstable. Between each reading of the solutions the spectrophotometer transmittance needs to be set back to O, if this is not done the reading will be incorrect, therefore jeopardizing the accuracy and reliability of the results. Conclusion Within this practical the aim was achieved, the absorptions of the diluted solutions were determined and accurate.

Guy De Maupassant’s The Jewelry Essay

According to critic W.E. Garrett Fisher, â€Å"(Maupassant’s) view of human nature was an utterly distorted one. On all hands he only saw the cruelty, the bestiality, above all, the ineffable stupidity of mankind. We hardly find one man or woman in his books who illustrates the nobler side of life.† (Piana, n. pag.)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Indeed, French writer Guy De Maupassant’s works were based on ordinary incidents from everyday life, which exposed the true nature of people. (n. pag.) The Jewelry was no exception – it was built on the premise that first impressions of people are almost always wrong, as they constantly change, with unexpected results.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Set in Paris, The Jewelry centered on Monsieur Lantin, a chief clerk in the Department of the Interior, and his wife, who was unnamed throughout the story. The initial impression that the reader can derive from Madame Lantin is that she is a perfect woman. De Maupassant described her as â€Å"a perfect type of the virtuous woman in whose hands every sensible young man dreams of one day intrusting his happiness.† (n. pag.) The reader can also conclude that Madame Lantin was the ideal wife and homemaker. According to De Maupassant, â€Å"She (Madame Lantin) ruled his home with an economy so adroit that they really seemed to live in luxury† and that â€Å"It would be impossible to conceive any attentions, tendernesses, playful caresses which she (Madame Lantin) did not lavish upon her husband†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Piana, n. pag.) De Maupassant implied through the latter that Madame Lantin was a faithful spouse who will never cheat on her husband. (Piana, n. pag.)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, The Jewels’ plot identified Madame Lantin as the antagonist by unmasking the hypocrisy of her character. After her demise, Monsieur Lantin wondered how did she manage to make ends meet with his paltry salary of 3,500 francs a year. Madame Lantin had very expensive vices – frequenting the theater and her large collection of fake jewelry. De Maupassant wrote, â€Å"His salary, which, in his wife’s hands, had amply sufficed for all household needs, now proved scarcely sufficient to supply his own few wants. And he asked in astonishment how she had managed always to furnish him with excellent wines and with delicate eating which he could not now afford at all with his scanty means.† (Piana, n. pag.)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It was also The Jewels’ plot that answered Monsieur Lantin’s question. Broke and hungry, he was forced to go to the jewelry store in an attempt to pawn Madam Lantin’s jewels – and came out of the shop with 196,000 francs. Therefore, this incident revealed that Madame Lantin’s jewels were genuine, in sharp contrast to her claim to her husband, â€Å"Now look at them – see how well the work is done. You would swear it was real jewelry!† (Piana, n. pag.) It also refuted Madame Lantin’s fidelity – she most likely had a paramour who provided her with money and jewelry. (Piana, n. pag.) After Monsieur Lantin told the jeweler that he had more jewels to sell to him (he managed to sell one of his wife’s necklaces for 18,000 francs), â€Å"one of the jewelry store’s clerks rushed out to laugh at his ease while another kept blowing his nose as hard as he could,† as if they were trying to suppress their laughter. (n. pag.) Chances are, they were mocking his ignorance about his wife’s adultery. The story ended six months later with Monsieur Lantin’s unhappy second marriage to a virtuous but ill-tempered woman. These circumstances allowed him to emerge as the protagonist – the loving husband who was cheated on by his late first wife and was trapped in a loveless second marriage.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Jewelry was able to defend its argument that looks can really be deceiving. Madame Lantin, whom everyone praised and admired, turned out to be a greedy woman who cuckolded her husband for material wealth. Meanwhile, Monsieur Lantin became as fortune-hungry as she was by enjoying the money he got from selling her ill-gotten jewelries. Money transformed him from an upright man who refused to sell a fake piece of jewelry to a man obsessed with profiting from his late wife’s jewels, regardless of the fact that she got these using illicit means. What added credibility to The Jewelry was that De Maupassant allowed the events in the story to naturally unfold and expose the characters’ hypocrisy in the process, drawing on the saying that there is no secret that will never be revealed. He also showed that anyone can be a hypocrite, hence his very generalized description of Madame Lantin and his refusal to give her a name.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lastly, The Jewelry leaves the reader with an open-ended question: Which is better, gaining happiness from dishonesty, or experiencing misery as a result of honesty? Works Cited â€Å"Guy De Maupassant.† The Literature Network. 9 January 2008.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   . Baccellia, Autumn. â€Å"Short Story Analysis: The Jewelry, by Guy De Maupassant.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Helium. 9 January 2008.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   .    Piana, Courtney. â€Å"The Many Impressions of Mrs. Lantin.† 23 July 2002. 9 January 2008.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   .

Noble Gases List

Noble Gases List The elements in the last column or group of the periodic table share special properties. These elements are noble gases, sometimes called inert gases. Atoms belonging to the noble gas group have completely filled their outer electron shells. Each element is non-reactive, has high ionization energy, electronegativity near zero, and a low boiling point. Moving down the group in the periodic table from top to bottom, the elements become more reactive. While helium and neon are practically inert and are gases, the elements further down the periodic table more readily form compounds which are more easily liquefied. Except for helium, all of the names of the noble gas elements end with -on. Elements in the Noble Gas Group Helium  (He, atomic number 2) is an extremely light, inert gas at room temperature and pressure. The liquid form of the element is the only liquid known to man that cannot be solidified, no matter how low the temperature drops. Helium is so light it can escape the atmosphere and bleed away into space.Neon  (Ne, atomic number 10) consists of a mix of three stable isotopes. The element is used to make signs and gas lasers and as a refrigerant. Neon, like helium, is inert under most conditions. However, neon ions and unstable clathrates are known. Like all noble gases, neon glows a distinctive color when excited. The characteristic reddish-orange glow of signs comes from excited neon.Argon  (Ar, atomic number 18) in nature is a mixture of three stable isotopes. Argon is used in lasers and to provide an inert atmosphere for welding and chemicals, but it can form clathrates and has been known to form ions. Argon is heavy enough that it doesnt readily escape Earths gravity, so it is present in appreciable concentrations in the atmosphere. Krypton  (Kr, atomic number 36) is a dense, colorless, inert gas. Its used in lasers and lamps.Xenon  (Xe, atomic number 54) in nature consists of a mix of stable isotopes. The pure element is inert and non-toxic, but it forms compounds which may be colored and are toxic because they display strong oxidizing tendencies. Xenon is encountered in everyday life in xenon lamps such as strobe lamps and some vehicle headlamps.Radon  (Rn, atomic number 86) is a heavy noble gas. All of its isotopes are radioactive. Although colorless under ordinary conditions, radon is phosphorescent as a liquid, glowing yellow and then red.Oganesson (Og, atomic number 118) presumably would behave like a noble gas but would be more reactive than the other elements in the group. Only a few atoms of oganesson have been produced, but it is believed that it will be a liquid or solid at room temperature. Oganesson is the element with the highest atomic number (mostly protons) on the periodic table. It is ext remely radioactive.

Artist George Catlin Proposed Creation of National Parks

Artist George Catlin Proposed Creation of National Parks The creation of the National Parks in the United States can be traced to an idea first proposed by the noted American artist George Catlin, who is best remembered for his paintings of American Indians. Catlin traveled extensively throughout North America in the early 1800s, sketching and painting Indians, and writing down his observations. And in 1841 he published a classic book, Letters and Notes on the Manners, Customs, and Condition of the North American Indians. While traveling the Great Plains in the 1830s, Catlin became acutely aware that the balance of nature was being destroyed because robes made of fur from the American bison (commonly called the buffalo) had become very fashionable in the cities of the East. Catlin perceptively noted that the craze for buffalo robes would make the animals extinct. Instead of killing the animals and using nearly every part of them for food, or to make clothing and even tools, Indians were being paid to kill buffalo for their fur alone. Catlin was disgusted to learn the Indians were being exploited by being paid in whiskey. And the buffalo carcasses, once skinned, were being left to rot on the prairie. In his book Catlin expressed a fanciful notion, essentially arguing that the buffalo, as well as the Indians who depended upon them, should be preserved by being set aside in a Nations Park. The following is the passage in which Catlin made his startling suggestion: This strip of country, which extends from the province of Mexico to Lake Winnipeg on the North, is almost one entire plain of grass, which is, and ever must be, useless to cultivating man. It is here, and here chiefly, that the buffaloes dwell; and with, and hovering about them, live and flourish the tribes of Indians, whom God made for the enjoyment of that fair land and its luxuries.It is a melancholy contemplation for one who has traveled as I have through these realms, and seen this noble animal in all its pride and glory, to contemplate it so rapidly wasting from the world, drawing the irresistible conclusion too, which one must do, that its species is soon to be extinguished, and with it the peace and happiness (if not the actual existence) of the tribes of Indians who are joint tenants with them, in the occupancy of these vast and idle plains.And what a splendid contemplation too, when one (who has traveled these realms, and can duly appreciate them) imagines them as they migh t in future be seen (by some great protecting policy of government)preserved in their pristine beauty and wildness, in a magnificent park, where the world could see for ages to come, the native Indian in his classic attire, galloping his wild horse, with sinewy bow, and shield and lance, amid the fleeting herds of elks and buffaloes. What a beautiful and thrilling specimen for America to preserve and hold up to the view of her refined citizens and the world, in future ages! A Nations Park, containing man and beast, in all the wild and freshness of their natures beauty!I would ask no other monument to my memory, nor any other enrollment of my name amongst the famous dead, than the reputation of having been the founder of such an institution. Catlins proposal was not seriously entertained at the time. People certainly didnt rush to create a huge park so future generations cold observe Indians and buffalo. However, his book was influential and went through many editions, and he can be seriously credited with first formulating the idea of National Parks whose purpose would be to preserve the American wilderness. The first National Park, Yellowstone, was created in 1872, after the Hayden Expedition reported on its majestic scenery, which had been vividly captured by the expeiditions official photographer, William Henry Jackson. And in the late 1800s the writer and adventurer John Muir would advocate for the preservation of Yosemite Valley in California, and other natural places. Muir would become known as the father of the National Parks, but the original idea does actually go back to the writings of a man best remembered as a painter.

Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Project - Essay Example otential target of these fraudsters who indulge in spreading computer viruses, identity theft, phishing for information and data and several other forms of electronic crimes. This has necessitated the internet users to safeguard the data stored in their computers by installing anti spyware and anti virus software for protecting their valuable information and data. However it is to be noted that technology solutions alone can not act to protect the information and data. Arthur Wong (2004) observes, â€Å"Education and awareness of the individual, whether in the largest multinational corporation, small business or the home user, is critical. Security is more than just installing a piece of software it is using best practices, updating your antivirus, and practicing safe and secure computing† With this background, this project studies the problem of spyware and viruses and presents a report on the issue of spyware and viruses and their impact on the security of the information stored. The paper also discusses the possible future dimensions of the protection through anti spyware and anti virus software. The project is to create awareness among the community of a University about the adverse effects of spyware and viruses on the information and data stored by the administration, staff, faculty and students of the University, as most of the users in the particular University have not considered the security of data on their computers important. In the process of creating this awareness the project describes the various ways in which the spyware and viruses can enter the data bases of the different users and the potential harm it may create to the information and data stored in the respective computers. The project also reports on the ways in which the information and data can be protected from the impact of such spyware and viruses. The major purpose of this project is to identify the relevance of the security of the electronic information to the users. The other

Hyper Secretion of Mucus Results in the Production of Sputum Essay

Hyper Secretion of Mucus Results in the Production of Sputum - Essay Example John has a history of previously smoking for 28 years and stopped when diagnosed with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and has had asthma since he was a teenager, which is being treated with inhalers. John’s airway, breathing, and circulation was checked on arrival to identify any actual or potential problems. These observations are taken on admission as an initial assessment and management of a patient during their stay on HDU. They provide a baseline for future comparison, to monitor the patient condition during treatment and to monitor the patient’s response to treatment or medication. Whilst on HDU, John started developing respiratory problems like shortness of breath (dyspnea) with a raised respiratory rate 33 along with low oxygen saturation 88% (hypoxemia). Hypoxemia may lead to anxiety, dyspnea, and a reduction in oxygen saturation. The effect of a lowered cardiac output, poor circulation, and potential lung dysfunction may cause a drop in oxygen to tissues affecting other organs, which is why I will administer 2L of oxygen to Jack via nasal cannula. I, then, went on to assess John’s circulation where I found his skin colour, capillary refill, and fluid balance to be normal. His blood pressure was slightly raised 180/120. John’s temperature was 37 and I found his skin to be slightly moist. John pulse was 88, strong and bounding, following a sinus rhythm. Disability was assessed next and I found John’s Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) to be 15/15 and he was alert. His blood glucose was normal; however, his pain score was 7/10 so I administered some analgesia.